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ES6 ECMAScript6

ES6 ECMAScript6ES6 ECMAScript6 (Javascript 2015 specification) syntax and information

Declarations
const name = 'yourName'; Declares a read-only named constant
let index = 0; Declares a block scope local variable, optionally initializing it to a value
Arrays
arr.copyWithin(target, start[, end = this.length]) Copies the sequence of array elements within the array to the position starting at target
arr.entries() Returns a new Array Iterator object that contains the key/value pairs for each index in the array
arr.find(callback[, thisArg]) Executes the callback function once for each element. If such element is found, it returns the value of that element. Otherwise, returns undefined
arr.fill(value[, start = 0[, end = this.length]]) Fills all the elements from a start index to an end index with a static value
arr.findIndex(callback[, thisArg]) Returns an index in the array, if an element satisfies the given testing function. Otherwise -1 is returned
arr.keys() Returns a new Array Iterator that contains the keys for each index in the array
arr.values() Returns a new Array Iterator object that contains the values for each index in the array
Proxies and Promises
var p = new Proxy(target, handler); The Proxy object is used to define custom behavior for fundamental operations (e.g. property lookup, assignment, enumeration, function invocation, etc)
new Promise(function(resolve, reject) { }); A Promise is used in asynchronous computations to represent an operation that hasn’t completed yet, but is expected in the future
p.catch(reason => rejection); The catch() method returns a Promise and deals with rejected cases only
p.then(value => fulfillment, reason => rejection); The then() method returns a Promise. It takes 2 arguments: callback for the success & failure cases
Promise.all([p1, p2, p3]).then(values => console.log(values)); The Promise.all(iterable) method returns a promise that resolves when all of the promises in the iterable argument have resolved, or rejects with the reason of the first passed promise that rejects
Promise.race([p1, p2, p3]); The race function returns a Promise that is settled the same way as the first passed promise to settle. It resolves or rejects, whichever happens first
Template Strings
`Hello, my name is ${firstName}` Using the `${}` syntax, strings can embed expressions
Modules
import name from 'module-name';
import * as name from 'module-name';
import {foo, bar} from 'module-name'; To import functions, objects or primitives exported from an external module. These are the most common types of importing
export { myFunction };
export const name = 'yourName';
export default myFunctionOrClass To export functions, objects or primitives from a given file or module
Functions and Classes
class name [extends] { } The class declaration creates a new class using prototype-based inheritance
singleParam => { statements }
() => { statements }
(param1, param2) => expression Arrow function expression. Shorter syntax & lexically binds the ‘this’ value. Arrow functions are anonymous
function* name(params) { statements } function* declaration defines a generator function. Generators are functions which can be exited and later re-entered. See yield and yield* for more info
function(a, b, ...theArgs) { } The rest parameter syntax allows us to represent an indefinite number of arguments as an array
Left-hand-side Expressions
myFunction(...iterableObject);
[...iterableObject, 4, 5, 6] The spread operator allows an expression to be expanded in places where multiple arguments (for function calls) or multiple elements (for array literals) are expected
super([arguments]);
super.functionOnParent([arguments]); The super keyword is used to call functions on an object’s parent. When used in a constructor, super appears alone and must be used before the this keyword can be used
new.target The new.target property detects whether a function or constructor was called using the new operator